Total Quality Management (TQM) –
Using Mind Mapping Software
Use Total
Quality Management with mind mapping for managing quality process in your
company. Quality assurance through statistical methods is a key component in a
manufacturing organization where TQM generally starts by sampling a random
selection of the product. The sample can then tested
for things that matter most to the end users.
To build a
TQM mind map, you
should follow these steps:
- Select the sample products or it's part;
- Describe what static ways you are using to
evaluate products' part;
- Research and put into your map the reasons of
the problem;
TQM Definitions
As
philosophy...
- A business improvement philosophy which
comprehensively and continuously involves all of an organization's
functions in improvement activities. www.pdmamn.org/glossary.htm
- Total Quality Management is the management
philosophy dedicating the entire organization to a relentless quality
centered effort. It recognizes that involving everybody in maintaining and
improving quality is a lot more efficient than paying a staff of quality
control inspectors Trade Gap The difference
between the value of exports and the value of imports of the country
during a specified period of time. The gap may be either favourable or unfavourable. www.indiainfoline.com/bisc/jama/jmmt.html
- A management philosophy committed to a focus on
continuous improvements of product and services with the involvement of
the entire workforce. www.strategicsourcing.navy.mil/reference_documents/defs.cfm
Origin...
- A term initially coined by the Naval Air Systems
Command to describe its Japanese style management approach to quality
improvement. Since then, TQM has taken on many meanings. Simply put, it is
a management approach to long-term success through customer satisfaction.
TQM is based on the participation of all members of an organization in
improving processes, products, services and the culture in which they
work. The methods for implementing this approach are found in the
teachings of such quality leaders as Philip B. Crosby, W. Edwards Deming, Armand
V. Feigenbaum, Kaoru Ishikawa and Joseph M.
Juran.www.asq.org/info/glossary/t.html
For product quality
- A product-quality program in which the objective
is complete elimination of product defects. http://services.eliteral.com/glossary/managerial-accounting-glossary.php
- comprehensive quality management, a general term
and management principle that indicates means for long-term and sustained
business excellence; "our way of succeeding with customer
satisfaction", "making money in a sustained and balanced way
both in the longer and shorter term". www.finnevo.fi/eng/contents/iso9000_terms.htm
- An approach to quality assurance that emphasizes
a thorough understanding by all members of a production unit of the needs
and desires of the ultimate service recipients, a viewpoint of wishing to
provide service to internal, intermediate service recipients in the chain
of service, and a knowledge of how to use specific data-related techniques
to assess and improve the quality of their own and the team's outputs. www.qaproject.org/methods/resglossary.html
- A method of organizing a company with specific
procedures, policies, and practices that commit it to continuous quality
improvement in all its activities. www.cvm.uiuc.edu/safepork/gloss.html
- A methodology for continuous monitoring and
incremental improvement of a supply-line process by identifying causes of
variation and reducing them. Originated by Deming in the 1950's, and widely
applied in the Federal government, where it was sometimes called Total
Quality Leadership (TQL). www.balancedscorecard.org/basics/definitions.html
Sharing goals...
- Assuring that everyone in the organisation is responsible for quality. www.321site.com/greg/courses/mis1/glossary.htm
- The culture of an organisation
where continuous improvement is integrated into all activities with the
objective of improving the quality of all Business Processes. Total
quality tools include process charts, pareto analysis, cause and effect diagrams,
histograms, run diagrams, check sheets and statistical process control. www.bpic.co.uk/jargon.htm
Measure system...
Management approach
Method
In
1984, the United States Department of the Navy Personnel Research and Development Center began researching the use of
Statistical process control (SPC) and quality management methods for potential
benefit in making performance improvements. This work included a detailed
examination of the quality management approaches advocated by Philip B. Crosby,
W. Edwards Deming, and Joseph Juran.
The result was an
approach that combined SPC principles with the philosophy of W. Edwards Deming.
This approach was first tested at the North Island Naval Aviation Depot.
The
name "Total Quality Management" (TQM) was first used by the
Department of the Navy in 1985 when they were starting to introduce the methods
that had been successful in the North
Island test to other Naval installations.
TQM is
considered a management strategy to embed awareness of quality in all
organizational processes. TQM is not limited in its application and has been
widely used in manufacturing, education, government, service industries, as
well as NASA space and science programs.
Quality
assurance through statistical methods is a key component in a manufacturing
organization where TQM generally starts by sampling a random selection of the
product. The sample can then tested for things that
matter most to the end users. The causes of any failures are isolated,
secondary measures of the production process are designed, and then the causes
of the failure are corrected. The statistical distributions of important
measurements are tracked. When parts' measures drift into the error band, the
process is fixed. The error band is usually tighter than the failure band. The
production process is thereby fixed before failing parts can be produced.
It's important
to record not just the measurement ranges, but what failures caused them to be
chosen. In that way, cheaper fixes can be substituted later, (say, when the
product is redesigned), with no loss of quality. After TQM has been in use,
it's very common for parts to be redesigned so that critical measurements
either cease to exist, or become much wider.
It took people a while
to develop tests to find emergent problems. One popular test is a "life test"
in which the sample product is operated until a part fails. Another popular
test is called "shake and bake". The product is mounted on a vibrator
in an environmental oven, and operated at progressively more extreme vibration
and temperatures until something fails. The failure is then isolated and
engineers design an improvement.
A
commonly-discovered failure is for the product to come apart. If fasteners
fail, the improvements might be to use measured-tension nutdrivers
to ensure that screws don't come off, or improved adhesives to ensure that
parts remain glued.
If
a gearbox wears out first, a typical engineering design improvement might be to
substitute a brushless stepper motor for a DC motor with a gearbox. The
improvement is that a stepper motor has no brushes or gears to wear out, so it
lasts ten times or more longer. The stepper motor is
more expensive than a DC motor, but cheaper than a DC motor combined with a
gearbox. The electronics is radically different, but equally expensive. One
disadvantage might be that a stepper motor can hum or whine, and usually needs
noise-isolating mounts.
Often, a TQMed product is cheaper to produce because of
efficiency/performance improvements and because there's no need to repair
dead-on-arrival products, which represents an immensely more desirable product.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_Quality_Management